Wisdom Teeth: To Keep or Not to Keep? A Simple Guide

by Jeremy Granger February 13, 2025

Those last four teeth trying to crash the party in the back of your mouth – wisdom teeth – are a common source of anxiety. Also known as third molars, they usually make their grand appearance (or try to) between the ages of 17 and 25. But are they really that wise? Often, not so much.

The question of whether to remove them or not is a big one, and the answer isn't always straightforward. This guide will break down everything you need to know to make an informed decision.

What Are Wisdom Teeth, Anyway?

Wisdom teeth are, as mentioned, the last molars to erupt. Back in the day, when our diets consisted of tougher, less processed foods, these extra molars were likely quite useful. However, modern diets and smaller jaw sizes often mean there simply isn’t enough room for them to erupt properly.

This lack of space can lead to a whole host of problems, which is why extraction is so often recommended.

Why Wisdom Teeth Often Cause Trouble

The main reason wisdom teeth become problematic is due to lack of space. When they don't have enough room to erupt fully and properly, they can become impacted. This means they get stuck beneath the gums or only partially break through. Impacted wisdom teeth can lead to:

Pain and Discomfort: Impacted teeth can put pressure on other teeth, nerves, and even the jawbone, causing ongoing pain, headaches, and jaw stiffness.
Infection: Partially erupted wisdom teeth create a perfect trap for bacteria. This can lead to painful infections, such as pericoronitis (inflammation of the gum tissue around the tooth).
Damage to Adjacent Teeth: Impacted wisdom teeth can push against the molars next to them, causing damage, decay, and even bone loss.
Crowding and Misalignment: In some cases, wisdom teeth can contribute to crowding of the other teeth, potentially undoing years of orthodontic treatment.
Cysts and Tumors: In rare cases, a cyst or tumor can develop around an impacted wisdom tooth, requiring more extensive treatment.

The Case For Wisdom Teeth Removal: Benefits You Should Know

Removing wisdom teeth isn’t just about avoiding pain; it's often a proactive measure to protect your long-term oral health. Here's why removal is frequently recommended:

Prevents Future Problems: Removing wisdom teeth preemptively prevents the potential issues listed above, saving you from pain, infection, and costly dental treatments down the road.
Maintains Oral Hygiene: Difficult-to-reach wisdom teeth are hard to clean, increasing the risk of cavities and gum disease. Removal eliminates this challenge.
Reduces Risk of Damage to Other Teeth: By removing the pressure on adjacent teeth, extraction helps preserve their health and alignment.
Reduces Risk of Infection: Removing impacted or partially erupted wisdom teeth prevents the risk of infection and potential swelling, pain and discomfort

Are There Reasons Not To Remove Them?

In some situations, keeping wisdom teeth might be an option. This is usually when:

They Erupt Fully and Correctly: If your wisdom teeth erupt completely, are properly aligned, and are easy to clean, they may not need to be removed. This is relatively rare.
You Have Adequate Space: If your jaw is large enough to accommodate the wisdom teeth without crowding or impacting other teeth, they may be left in place.
Removal Poses Significant Risks: In very rare cases, the risks associated with surgery might outweigh the benefits of removing the wisdom teeth. This is something you should discuss thoroughly with your dentist or oral surgeon.

The Wisdom Teeth Removal Process: What to Expect

If removal is recommended, here's a general overview of what to expect:

Consultation and Evaluation: Your dentist will take X-rays to assess the position of your wisdom teeth and determine the best course of action. They'll also review your medical history and discuss your options for anesthesia (local anesthesia, sedation, or general anesthesia).
The Procedure: The extraction process varies depending on the complexity of the case. Simple extractions involve removing fully erupted teeth. More complex extractions may require making an incision in the gums and removing bone to access the tooth. In some cases, the tooth may need to be sectioned (cut into smaller pieces) for easier removal.
Recovery: After the procedure, you'll receive detailed instructions on how to care for the extraction sites. This typically includes managing pain with medication, applying ice packs to reduce swelling, and eating soft foods. It's important to follow these instructions carefully to promote healing and prevent complications.

FAQ: Common Questions About Wisdom Teeth

Does wisdom teeth removal hurt? You will likely experience some discomfort after the procedure, but your dentist will provide pain medication to manage it. Most people find the pain manageable.
How long does recovery take? Recovery typically takes a few days to a week. You should be able to resume normal activities within a week.
What can I eat after wisdom teeth removal? Stick to soft foods like yogurt, soup, mashed potatoes, and smoothies. Avoid hard, crunchy, or chewy foods that could irritate the extraction sites.
Will my face swell up? Swelling is common after wisdom teeth removal. Applying ice packs can help minimize it.
Are there any risks associated with wisdom teeth removal? As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks, such as infection, bleeding, nerve damage, and dry socket. However, these complications are rare and can be minimized by following your dentist's instructions.
How much does wisdom teeth removal cost? The cost varies depending on the complexity of the extraction and the type of anesthesia used. Your dentist can provide you with an estimate.

The Bottom Line: Talk To Your Dentist

Ultimately, the decision of whether or not to remove your wisdom teeth is a personal one. It's crucial to consult with a trusted dental professional to get a thorough evaluation and personalized recommendations.

At Biltmore Avenue Family Dentistry, our experienced team is dedicated to providing comprehensive and compassionate care. We’ll assess your specific situation, discuss the pros and cons of wisdom teeth removal, and answer all your questions to help you make the best choice for your long-term oral health.